A Glossary of Korean and Japanese Martial Arts Terms

April 16, 2008

ai - (Jap.) Blending, harmony, joining or union. (Syn.- hap)aiki - (Jap.) Unity of force and will.

budo - (Jap.) “Martial way”; martial arts practice for self-improvement.

bunkai - (Jap.) Application of technique, especially in forms.

chung - (Kor.) Blue (used in sparring).

dan - (Jap., Kor.) Degree or grade. Often indicated by black belt.

do - (Jap., Kor.) A suffix meaning “way” or path.

dobak - (Kor.) A training uniform. (Syn.- gi)

dojang - (Kor.) A training hall, also called a “house of discipline”. (Syn.- dojo)

dojo - (Jap.) Literally, “way place”. A training hall. (Syn.- dojang)

gu-mahn - (Kor.) Command to stop.

gi - (Jap.) A training uniform. (Syn.- dobak)

gup - (Kor.) A category of rank for those students below black belt.

hapkido - (Kor.) Way of coordinated power.

hong - (Kor.) Red (used in sparring).

hosinsool - (Kor.) Self-defense applications.

hyung - (Kor.) Pre-arranged pattern of movement. (Syn.- kata, poomse)

ju - (Jap.) Suppleness, flexibility, or yielding.

judo - (Jap.) Yielding way.

jutsu, jitsu - (Jap.) Art or technique.

kae sok - (Kor.) Command to continue.

karate - (Jap.) Empty hand.

karate-do - (Jap.) Modern budo form of karate.

kata - (Jap.) Formal, pre-arranged patterns of movement. (Syn.- hyung)

ki - (Jap.) Force or energy.

kiai - (Jap.) Focused or concentrated force; also a controlled yell.

ki-hap - (Kor.) Same as kiai.

kumite - (Jap.) Free-style sparring.

kwanjangnim - (Kor.) Master instructor, fifth dan or higher.

kyong-ye - (Kor.) Command to bow.

kyorugi - (Kor.) Free-style sparring.

kyosanim - (Kor.) Senior or higher-ranked student.

kyu - (Jap.) A grade of rank below black belt. (Syn.- gup)

sabumnim - (Kor.) Instructor. (Syn.- sensei)

senpai, sempai - (Jap.) One’s senior in the training hall. (Syn.- kyosanim)

sensei - (Jap.) “One who has gone before”; a teacher. (Syn.- sabumnim)

si-jak - (Kor.) Command to begin.

tae kwon do - (Kor.) The art of kicking and punching.

te - (Oki.) Hand. Name for old Okinawan striking arts.

yudansha - (Jap.) Graded student, first dan and above; holder of a black belt.

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